10 Most Toxic Ingredients Found in Candy + The Harmful Effects of Artificial Additives

The Mladenoff Clinic of Arizona Team • October 2, 2023

While the past century has brought incredible advancements in food preparation, most of the candy found in today’s grocery stores contains additives and chemicals which are known to harm the human body. The best way to avoid these is to eat an all-natural diet high in fruits and vegetables.

Each of the following additives, sweeteners, and colors can have a negative impact on health if consumed regularly. Here are the 10 most toxic ingredients found in candy.

1. Artificial Colors

Artificial colors like Blue 1, Yellow 5, Yellow 6, and Red 40 have been linked to some cancers, and could even cause hyperactivity – particularly in children. If you have young children at home, be certain to check any candy wrappers for these colorings and consider choosing a healthier alternative if one or more of these colors are present.

2. t-Butylhydroquinone

t-Butylhydroquinone, or TBHQ for short, is a synthetic antioxidant. It is primarily used to prevent food from spoiling. While it is FDA approved , some scientists have claimed that it could potentially increase the risk of cancer.

3. High Fructose Corn Syrup

This sweetener is manufactured from corn starch sourced from genetically-modified crops. It has replaced natural sugar in many candies and soft drinks and is linked to obesity, heart issues, arthritis, diabetes, and insulin resistance.

4. High Amounts of Sugar

Before purchasing candy or other sweet treats like donuts, try to remember to check the sugar content of the product. Many candy bars contain exorbitant amounts of sugar, which can contribute to weight gain, tiredness, and long-term health issues.

5. Polysorbate 60

Polysorbate 60 is an artificial thickener that is used in baked goods like donuts, bread, and croissants, as well as other sweet treats like ice cream and milkshakes. Studies have suggested that it acts as a cancer-causing agent in animals, which means it could also be harmful to humans.

6. Camauba Wax

This chemical is used to give longevity to bubble gum. It can also be used as a glaze in other sweet foods. Camauba wax is thought to cause cancerous tumors.

7. Sucralose

While sucralose is often marketed as a healthier alternative to sugar, you should be aware of the dangers of consuming too much. Increased intake of sucralose is associated with shrinkage of the thymus gland and swelling of the kidneys and liver.

8. BHT/BHA

Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) are related preservatives that are primarily used to extend the shelf life of candy and other foods. In recent years, both have been linked to the growth of cancerous tumors.

9. Aspartame

Aspartame is a sweetener that is also an excitotoxin. It is known to cause headaches, dizziness, stomach problems, and blurred vision, and is also thought to be carcinogenic.

10. Sodium Nitrate

Sodium Nitrate is often added to processed food to prevent the growth of bacteria. It has been linked to cancer in humans and is considered one of the most harmful food additives.


Food Dye and ADHD

  • Can food dye cause hyperactivity?
  • What is in food dye?
  • Does sugar cause symptoms of ADHD?

For more than 30 years, scientists have examined the relationship between food coloring and hyperactive behavior in children, but with mixed results. To date, no conclusive evidence has been found to show that food coloring causes ADHD. Some studies, though, have suggested an association between the two. Most likely, ADHD is caused by the combination of changes in brain structure, environmental factors, and heredity.

Can food dye cause hyperactivity?

A study of nearly 300 children by the United Kingdom’s Food Standards Agency in 2007 showed that the consumption of foods containing dyes could increase hyperactive behavior in children. In the study of 3-, 8- and 9-year-olds, children were given three different types of beverages to drink. Then their behavior was evaluated by teachers and parents.

One of the drink mixtures contained artificial food colorings, including:

  • Sunset yellow (E110)
  • Carmoisine (E122)
  • Tartrazine (E102)
  • Ponceau 4R (E124)

It also contained the preservative sodium benzoate. The second drink mixture included:

  • Quinoline yellow (E104)
  • Allura red (E129)
  • Sunset yellow
  • Carmoisine

It also had sodium benzoate. The third drink mixture was a placebo and contained no additives.

The researchers found that hyperactive behavior by the 8- and 9-year-olds increased with both the mixtures containing artificial coloring additives. The hyperactive behavior of 3-year-olds increased with the first beverage but not necessarily with the second. They concluded that the results show an adverse effect on behavior after consumption of the food dyes.

What is in food dye?

Food coloring consists of chemicals used to add color to food. Food coloring (dye) is often added to processed foods, drinks, and condiments. They are used to maintain or improve the appearance of the food.

Manufacturers usually add dye for the following reasons:

  • To add color to colorless foods
  • To enhance colors
  • To avoid color loss due to environmental elements
  • To provide consistency when there are variations in the coloring of the food

The FDA regulates color additives to ensure that they are safe for human consumption. Regulation also helps ensure that foods with coloring are accurately labeled so that consumers know what they are eating. To determine the approval of an additive, the FDA studies the composition of it and how much is consumed and notes any health effects and safety factors that need to be observed. Once the food dye is approved, the FDA determines an appropriate level of use for that additive. The FDA only allows an additive to be approved if there is a reasonable certainty of no harm to consumers.

There are two types of approved color additives - dyes and lakes. Dyes are water-soluble and usually come in the form of powders, granules, or liquids. Lakes are not water-soluble. They are found in products containing fats and oils.

Some food colorings are synthetically produced. Examples of these color additives include FD&C Blue Nos. 1 and 2, FD&C Green No. 3, and FD&C Red No.40. Other food colorings come from pigments of vegetables, minerals, or animals. Examples of these natural additives include beta-carotene, grape skin extract, caramel color, and saffron.

Does sugar cause symptoms of ADHD?

Processed sugars and carbohydrates may have an effect on a child’s activity level. These sugars produce a rapid increase in blood glucose levels because they enter the bloodstream so quickly. A child may become more active due to an adrenaline rush produced by this blood sugar spike.

Decreased activity in the child is sometimes noted as the adrenaline levels fall.


If you are still looking forward to handing out treats, here are some yummy, healthy Halloween candy alternatives for your trick-or-treaters:
  • 100 calorie packets.
  • Granola bars.
  • Mini box of raisins or other dried fruits.
  • Fruit snacks.
  • Packets of popcorn.
  • Organic cheese cracker packets.
  • Juice pouches.
  • Honey Sticks.
  • Oranges/Cuties/Clementines with Pumpkin Faces
  • Mini Water Bottles
  • Drink Packets like Liquid IV or Crystal Light.
  • Glow Sticks.
  • Bubbles.
  • Halloween Bouncy Balls.


For more information contact Dr. Diana Mladenoff. TEXT or call our Arizona Wellness Clinic at 1 (602) 524-0222.


By The Mladenoff Clinic of Arizona Team July 16, 2025
Let's take a deep dive into signs of nutrient deficiency you should never ignore. Cracked Lips - > B2 Deficiency Riboflavin (vitamin B2) deficiency, also known as a riboflavinosis, can cause a variety of symptoms, including skin disorders, mouth sores, and vision problems. It's often associated with other nutritional deficiencies and can be particularly risky during pregnancy. Treatment typically involves riboflavin supplementation and addressing any underlying conditions contributing to the deficiency. Signs and Symptoms Skin: Dermatitis, including red, scaly patches, especially around the mouth, nose, ears, and genitals. Cracks and fissures at the corners of the mouth (angular cheilitis) and on the lips (cheilosis). Mouth: Soreness, inflammation, and a magenta-colored tongue. Eyes: Itchy, red, and watery eyes, light sensitivity (photophobia), and blurred vision. In severe cases, it can contribute to cataracts. General Fatigue, anemia (especially in severe cases), and possibly depression. Some studies also suggest a link to migraines and peripheral neuropathy. Reproductive: Riboflavin deficiency during pregnancy can potentially lead to fetal birth defects and increase the risk of preeclampsia. Causes Inadequate dietary intake: Especially in populations with limited access to riboflavin-rich foods like dairy, meat, and eggs. Malabsorption: Conditions like celiac disease or inflammatory bowel disease can impair riboflavin absorption. Increased needs: Pregnancy, lactation, and intense exercise can increase riboflavin requirements. Bleeding Gums - > Vitamin C Deficiency Vitamin C deficiency, if severe and prolonged, can lead to a disease called scurvy. Scurvy is characterized by symptoms like fatigue, anemia, bleeding gums, poor wound healing, and skin problems. While scurvy is rare in the United States, it can affect older adults with poor nutrition. Symptoms Early symptoms: Fatigue, weakness, irritability, weight loss, and vague muscle and joint aches. Scurvy symptoms (develop after months of deficiency): Bleeding under the skin (especially around hair follicles and as bruises), swollen and bleeding gums, loose teeth, dry and brittle hair, dry and rough skin, fluid accumulation in the legs, and anemia. Infants: May exhibit irritability, pain upon movement, loss of appetite, impaired bone growth, and bleeding or anemia. Causes Insufficient dietary intake: Not eating enough fruits and vegetables, which are rich in vitamin C. Increased need: Certain conditions like smoking, drug or alcohol abuse, pregnancy, and breastfeeding can increase the body's need for vitamin C. Absorption issues: Problems with the gastrointestinal tract can hinder vitamin C absorption. Hair Loss - > Zinc Deficiency Zinc deficiency occurs when the body doesn't get enough zinc, a vital mineral. This can lead to a range of symptoms, including impaired immune function, slow wound healing, hair loss, and skin problems. In severe cases, it can also affect growth, sexual development, and cognitive function. Symptoms Impaired Immune Function: Zinc is crucial for a healthy immune system, and deficiency can increase susceptibility to infections. Delayed Wound Healing: Zinc plays a role in cell growth and repair, so a deficiency can slow down the healing of wounds. Skin Problems: Skin rashes, eczema-like lesions, and dry, flaky skin can be signs of zinc deficiency. Hair Loss: Zinc deficiency can contribute to hair loss or thinning. Digestive Issues: Diarrhea, especially in infants, is a common symptom. Loss of Appetite and Weight Loss: Zinc deficiency can reduce appetite and contribute to weight loss. Changes in Taste and Smell: A reduced ability to taste and smell can be a sign of zinc deficiency. Growth Retardation: In children, zinc deficiency can hinder growth and development. Cognitive Impairment: Zinc is important for brain function, and deficiency can affect alertness, memory, and learning. Eye Problems: In severe cases, zinc deficiency can affect vision, including night blindness. Causes Inadequate Dietary Intake: Not eating enough zinc-rich foods can lead to deficiency, particularly in people with restrictive diets or limited access to nutritious food. Malabsorption Issues: Certain medical conditions, such as Crohn's disease or celiac disease, can interfere with zinc absorption. Increased Excretion: Conditions like diarrhea or kidney disease can increase zinc excretion, leading to deficiency. Increased Needs: Pregnancy, breastfeeding, and periods of rapid growth can increase the body's zinc requirements. Alcohol Abuse: Excessive alcohol consumption can impair zinc absorption and increase excretion. Night Blindness - > Vitamin A Deficiency Vitamin A deficiency occurs when the body doesn't get enough vitamin A, a fat-soluble vitamin essential for vision, immune function, and cell growth. It's a global health concern, particularly in developing countries, and can lead to vision problems, including night blindness and, in severe cases, blindness. Causes Dietary deficiency: Inadequate intake of vitamin A-rich foods is the primary cause, especially in regions where rice, which lacks vitamin A, is a staple food. Malabsorption: Conditions like cystic fibrosis, celiac disease, or certain pancreatic disorders can hinder the body's ability to absorb vitamin A. Liver disorders: The liver stores vitamin A, so liver issues can impair the body's ability to utilize it. Other conditions: Iron or zinc deficiency can also impact vitamin A uptake. Symptoms Night blindness: Difficulty seeing in low light is often the first noticeable symptom. Xerophthalmia: Dryness of the conjunctiva (white part of the eye) and cornea, potentially leading to corneal ulcers and blindness. Impaired immune function: Vitamin A is crucial for a healthy immune system, and deficiency can increase susceptibility to infections. Growth problems: Vitamin A deficiency can hinder growth and development, especially in children. Muscle Cramps - > Magnesium Deficiency Magnesium deficiency, also known as hypomagnesemia, occurs when the body has low levels of magnesium. Symptoms can range from mild, like fatigue and muscle cramps, to severe, such as seizures or abnormal heart rhythms. It's important to address magnesium deficiency promptly as it can lead to various health complications. Common Symptoms Fatigue and Weakness: Feeling unusually tired or weak. Muscle Problems: Muscle cramps, spasms, and twitching. Loss of Appetite: Reduced desire to eat. Nausea and Vomiting: Feeling sick to the stomach and throwing up. Numbness and Tingling: Pins and needles sensations, particularly in the limbs. Abnormal Heart Rhythms: Irregular heartbeat. Headaches: Including migraines. Personality Changes: Irritability, anxiety, or confusion. Causes Poor Dietary Intake: Not consuming enough magnesium-rich foods. Gastrointestinal Issues: Conditions like Crohn's disease or celiac disease can impair magnesium absorption. Excessive Alcohol Consumption: Alcohol can interfere with magnesium absorption and increase excretion. Certain Medications: Some medications can deplete magnesium levels. Kidney Problems: Impaired kidney function can affect magnesium levels. Ice Cravings - > Iron Deficiency Iron deficiency, particularly in the form of iron deficiency anemia (IDA), is associated with sleep disturbances like insomnia, shorter sleep duration, and restless sleep. Symptoms Being pale or having yellow "sallow" skin. Unexplained fatigue or lack of energy. Shortness of breath or chest pain, especially with activity. Insomnia and sleep disturbances: Research indicates a link between anemia and insomnia, with some studies showing a higher risk of insomnia in individuals with IDA. Anemia can also lead to other sleep problems, such as restless legs syndrome (RLS). Reduced oxygen flow: Iron deficiency can affect oxygen delivery to the brain, potentially leading to sleep disturbances. Increased heart rate: The body may compensate for reduced oxygen by increasing heart rate, which can make it harder to fall asleep. Anxiety and neurotransmitter imbalances: Low iron levels can contribute to anxiety, which can disrupt sleep. Additionally, iron is involved in the production of neurotransmitters like dopamine, serotonin, and melatonin, which play crucial roles in sleep regulation. Restless legs syndrome: Iron deficiency is a known risk factor for RLS, a condition characterized by an irresistible urge to move the legs, often accompanied by uncomfortable sensations. Sleep alterations in infants: Studies have also found that early IDA in infancy is associated with long-lasting alterations in sleep patterns, such as changes in REM sleep duration and timing, even after iron treatment. Fatigue - > B12 Deficiency Vitamin B12 deficiency can lead to a range of health problems, including anemia, fatigue, nerve damage, and neurological issues. It's crucial to recognize the symptoms and seek medical advice for proper diagnosis and treatment. Symptoms General: Fatigue, weakness, pale or yellow skin, headaches. Neurological: Numbness or tingling in hands and feet, muscle weakness, problems with balance and coordination, vision problems, memory problems, confusion, depression, and irritability. Gastrointestinal: Digestive issues, loss of appetite, a smooth, sore, and inflamed tongue (glossitis). Causes Dietary: Insufficient intake of B12-rich foods (primarily found in animal products). This is especially relevant for vegetarians and vegans. Absorption Issues: Conditions like pernicious anemia (where the body can't absorb B12), celiac disease, Crohn's disease, or after weight loss surgery can hinder B12 absorption. Dry Skin - > Omega-3 Deficiency Omega-3 deficiency can lead to various health issues, including dry skin, joint pain, mood swings, and fatigue. Insufficient intake of these essential fatty acids, found in foods like fish, flaxseeds, and walnuts, can be a contributing factor. Addressing this deficiency can involve dietary changes and, in some cases, supplementation. Signs and Symptoms Skin Issues: Dry, rough skin, eczema, and increased sensitivity. Joint Pain: Omega-3s have anti-inflammatory properties, and deficiency can exacerbate joint pain and stiffness, according to NativePath. Mood Changes: Deficiency can impact mood, potentially leading to depression, anxiety, and irritability, according to Progressive Medical Center. Cognitive Function: Omega-3s are important for brain health. Deficiency can lead to brain fog, poor memory, and difficulty concentrating, says Zooki. Other Symptoms: Dry eyes, fatigue, increased thirst, and potential cardiovascular issues can also be linked to omega-3 deficiency. Hair and Nails: Brittle hair and nails can be a sign of omega-3 deficiency, as these fatty acids contribute to hair and nail health. Depression - > Vitamin D Deficiency Vitamin D deficiency occurs when the body doesn't have enough vitamin D, which is crucial for bone health, calcium absorption, and various other bodily functions. It can lead to a range of health problems, including bone pain, muscle weakness, and increased risk of fractures, especially in children and older adults. Several factors can contribute to deficiency, such as limited sun exposure, dietary inadequacies, and certain health conditions. Causes Insufficient Sun Exposure: Sunlight is the primary source of vitamin D for most people, as the skin produces it when exposed to UVB radiation. Factors like geographic location (especially during winter months), limited time outdoors, and using sunscreen can reduce vitamin D synthesis. Dietary Deficiency: Very few foods naturally contain vitamin D. While some foods like fatty fish, egg yolks, and fortified products (like milk and cereal) can help, they may not provide sufficient amounts for everyone. Malabsorption Issues: Certain conditions like Crohn's disease, celiac disease, and cystic fibrosis can hinder the body's ability to absorb vitamin D from food. Certain Medications: Some medications, including certain anticonvulsants and those used to treat HIV/AIDS, can interfere with vitamin D metabolism and absorption. Obesity: Individuals with a BMI over 30 may have lower vitamin D levels due to the vitamin being sequestered in body fat, making it less available for use. Darker Skin Tone: People with darker skin pigmentation produce less vitamin D in response to sunlight than those with lighter skin. Symptoms Bone Pain and Weakness: Vitamin D is essential for calcium absorption, which is needed for strong bones. Deficiency can lead to bone pain, especially in the back and hips, and can increase the risk of fractures. Muscle Weakness and Pain: Vitamin D receptors are present in muscles, and deficiency can lead to muscle weakness, fatigue, and increased risk of falls. Rickets (in children): In children, vitamin D deficiency can cause rickets, a condition where bones become soft and weak, leading to skeletal deformities, particularly bowed legs. Osteomalacia (in adults): In adults, deficiency can cause osteomalacia, which is a softening of the bones, leading to bone pain, muscle weakness, and increased risk of fractures. Fatigue and Mood Changes: Some individuals with vitamin D deficiency may experience fatigue, depression, and other mood changes. Pale Skin - > Iron or B12 Deficiency Frequent Infections - > Zinc or Vitamin C Deficiency Tingling/Numbness - > B12 Deficiency Bloating after meals - > Low Stomach Acid Brain Fog - > Choline Deficiency Restless Legs - > Iron or Magnesium Deficiency Schedule an appointment with Dr. Diana to address your symptoms and get to the root cause of your health issues. Call or Text 1 (602) 524-0222.
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